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Thiolytic cleavage of the thioester is catalyzed by beta-ketoacyl CoA thiolase.
The shortened fatty acyl group is now ready for another round of beta-oxidation. After the fatty acyl CoA has been reduced to acetyl or propionyl CoA, beta-oxidation is complete.
Beta-oxidation is regulated as a whole primarily by fatty acid availability; once fatty acids are in the mitochondria they are oxidized as long as there is adequate NAD+ and CoA.