The kidney has been sectioned to reveal a multifocal, exophytic, pink-tan neoplasm arising in the calyces and pelvis. This is a urothelial carcinoma (TCC), also called a urothelial carcinoma, arising in the kidney. These tumors account for 5 to 10% of primary renal tumors. Urinary tract obstruction with hydronephrosis (seen in this case) and resultant infection with pyelonephritis and pain can be a presenting finding, as can hematuria. Risk factors may include smoking, exposure to arylamine compounds, analgesic nephropathy, and cyclophosphamide therapy. Whatever the cause, the entire urothelium from kidney to urethra seems to be altered to make neoplasia more likely. One of the more common genetic alterations is a deletion of a tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 9, and loss p53 mutations may also play a role.
There were 77 correct entries out of 158 total entries for case 50.
| Our winner is: Sosa Dìaz Sixto Javier of Guadalupe, Zacatecas, MEXICO
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