NeuroLogic Examination Videos and Descriptions: An Anatomical Approach
NeuroLogic Examination for Adults
Videos and Descriptions
An Anatomical Approach
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MENTAL STATUS EXAM
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Go to the Pediatric Neurologic Exam website Pediatric Neurologic Exam Website
Go to the Brain Dissection Video Lab Video Lab: Brain Dissections
Go to HyperBrain Tutorial Online Tutorial: HyperBrain
Go to Lumbar Puncture Tutorial Lumbar Puncture Tutorial:
null The Procedure and CSF Analysis


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Cranial Nerve > Media Resources

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Pseudobulbar Palsy video


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Pseudobulbar Palsy
Pseudobulbar palsy is caused by bilateral corticobulbar tract disease (UMN disease). The patient will have upper motor neuron signs including a positive jaw jerk and slow side-to-side tongue movements with the jaw frequently moving with the tongue. The patient has incomplete elevation of the palate with excessive nasal air escape when saying "pah" or "kah" (decreased volitional activity of CN 9 & 10) but a hyperactive gag reflex (increased non-voluntary or reflex motor action of CN 9 & 10).
When a patient has weakness of the palatal muscles it is important to determine if this is from UMN vs. LMN disease. Patients with bilateral LMN lesions have both absent voluntary and reflex activity. Patients with bilateral UMN weakness or dysfunction will lack voluntary movement of the palate but will have a hyperactive gag reflex (just like a hyperactive DTR with UMN disease). For UMN disease to cause palatal weakness it must be bilateral because there is bilateral UMN innervation for the nucleus ambiguus.

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