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NeuroLogical Cases

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MENTAL STATUS EXAM
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CRANIAL NERVE EXAM
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COORDINATION EXAM
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SENSORY EXAM
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MOTOR EXAM
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GAIT EXAM
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NEUROLOGICAL CASES

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Mental Status > Media Resources

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Spastic Dysarthria

Flaccid (LMN) Dysarthria

Dystonic Dysarthria

Spasmodic Dysphonia

Confabulation

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Spastic Dysarthria Dysarthria is a disorder of the production of speech while language is intact. Expressive language is intact for this patient but he has a spastic dysarthria caused by bilateral upper motor neuron disease. His speech is low pitched, strained, and harsh. The rate is slow and deliberate.	ii

Flaccid (LMN) Dysarthria This patient has a soft, muffled voice, which is hypernasalized and breathy. This type of dysarthria is from a lower motor neuron lesion.	i

Dystonic Dysarthria This patient has a tight, high-pitched strained voice. She can’t articulate the words because she can’t get her mouth, tongue, lips and palate to move. She also has trouble swallowing because of the dystonia.	i

Spasmodic Dysphonia The patient has a harsh tight voice, which is caused from spasm of the vocal cords. This type of dysphonia is felt to be a type of focal dystonia.	i

Confabulation This patient has marked difficulty with memory, recent memory as well as past memory. Past memories are often confused and pieces of past memories are used for current or recent memories.	i