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VII. Mobilization and Transport of Adipose Fatty Acid

    

Adipocytes release nonesterified fatty acids.

Nonesterified fatty acid release from the adipocytes is initiated by the action of hormone sensitive lipase (HSL), which begins to hydrolyze the stored triglyceride.

The final products of triacylglycerol hydrolysis are glycerol and nonesterified fatty acids.

• HSL is activated by epinephrine, norepinephrine, ACTH and glucagon, acting via phosphorylation of the enzyme.
• It is inhibited by insulin.

Nonesterified fatty acids are bound to serum albumin for transport to other tissues, where they are used.

• Major target tissues are muscle and liver.
• At the target cells nonesterified fatty acids are taken up passively. Within the target cells they are bound to fatty acid binding protein. Next they must be activated.